Prevention

Two main attitudes are observed when in the face of natural disasters. On one hand there is a tendency to minimize or ignore the risks till the calamity takes place, and then rapidly seek shelter or accept the whims of nature with atavic resignation. On the other hand there is an attempt to understand how the natural systems work, and to foresee the possible situations of risk, to prevent the occurrence of the phenomenon by avoiding behaviours that can aggravate the situation, creating opportune protection and monitoring structures, predisposing evacuation plans in case of real danger. All this, naturally involves large economic and social costs, and very often preference is given to a postponement of the prevention and protection expenses, without bearing in mind that the interventions to check a disaster that has taken place involve costs that are generally much greater than the prevention interventions, without considering that it is impossible to find a remedy for certain types of damages, such as the loss of human lives, works of art or landscapes. Finally, in recent times, also due to new laws regulating the development of constructions in areas at risk, and mainly due to the sensitization effort carried out on the public opinion, there is a greater awareness on the part of the public administration and the population. In the case that prevention is chosen as a defence against landslides, there are many types of interventions that can be carried out. Depending on the type of movement and materials, these will be more or less expensive and more or less effective. However a complete final recovery of a landslide-area is still impossible to carry out at present. The correct attitude when faced with these phenomena, therefore is to take note of the same, study them and better understand them, monitor them through an efficient network, and intervene, wherever possible, with opportune structures to defend the land and to avoid all attitudes or human activities that may in some way contribute to triggering or aggravating the phenomena. This can also include the abandoning of particularly dangerous areas or having to renounce building structures that interfere too greatly with the delicate natural equilibrium. Information regarding the real risks and possible interventions is fundamental, because the population is also involved in the choices that are made with greater awareness, even if at times they may be difficult and troubled, as in the case of having to renounce building in an area that is devastated by landslides.

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